The launch took place from the Sriharikota space center off India's east coast.

Observers say it is a sign that India is emerging as a major player in the multi-billion dollar space market.

The record for the most number of satellites launched in a single mission belongs to Russia, which sent up 37 satellites in 2014.

As Indian scientists and government ministers kept a close watch, the rocket carrying 20 satellites blasted off from the launch facility in Andhra Pradesh state.

The payload included devices ranging in weight from more than 700kg to as little as 1.5kg.

They include an Indian cartographic satellite as well as those belonging to the country's universities and international customers - 13 satellites are from the US, including one made by a Google-owned company.

The BBC's Sanjoy Majumder in Delhi says it is a significant moment for India's space program which has recorded a number of achievements including sending probes to the Moon and Mars.

Launching several satellites in a single mission reduces cost and India has been positioning itself as a key player in the lucrative international commercial space market as an effective but low cost operator, our correspondent says.

The chairman of the state-run Indian Space Research Organization (Isro), Kiran Kumar, told the NDTV news channel that launching 20 satellites in a single mission was like "allowing birds to fly in space".

"Each of these small objects that you are putting into space will carry out their own activity, which is independent of the other, and each of them will live a wonderful life for the finite period for which they have been designed," he said, ahead of the launch.